Calculate the enthalpy change, ΔH, for the process in which 10.3 g of water is converted from liquid at 9.4 ∘C to vapor at 25.0 ∘C .
For water, ΔHvap = 44.0 kJ/mol at 25.0 ∘C and Cs = 4.18 J/(g⋅∘C) for H2O(l).
How many grams of ice at -24.5 ∘C can be completely converted to liquid at 9.8 ∘C if the available heat for this process is 5.03×103 kJ ?
For ice, use a specific heat of 2.01 J/(g⋅∘C) and ΔHfus=6.01kJ/mol.
Substance | Specific heat [J/(g⋅∘C)] |
ΔH (kJ/mol) |
water | 4.18 | 44.0 |
ice | 2.01 | 6.01 |
1.
Convert ΔHvap = 44.0 kJ/mol = 44.0 kJ/mol /18 g H2O/mol= 2.44 kJ/g = 2440 j/g
Heat from 9.4 ∘C to 25.0 ∘C (ΔH1) and allow to vaporize (ΔH2).
ΔH = ΔH1 + ΔH2 =
= m x Cs x ΔT + m x ΔHvap =
= m ( Cs x ΔT + ΔHvap ) =
= 10.3 g (4.18 J/(g⋅∘C) x (25.0-9.4)oC + 2440 J/g ) = 2505 J = 2.50 kJ
2.
Convert 6.01 kJ/mol = 6.01 kJ/mol / 18 g/mol = 0.334 kJ/g=334 J/g
You have 3 steps: Heat ice, fuse ice, heat water.
ΔH = ΔH1 + ΔH2 + ΔH3
5.03×103 kJ = m ( 2.01 J/(g.oC) x 24.5oC + 334 J/g + 4.18 J/(g.oC)x9.8oC
m = 5030 J / 424.2 J/g = 11.86 g = 11.9 g
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