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Diels Alders Reaction While performing the Diels-Alder reaction between cyclopentadiene and maleic anhydride: (a) Why do...

Diels Alders Reaction

While performing the Diels-Alder reaction between cyclopentadiene and maleic anhydride:

(a) Why do you have to crack the diene? Draw the reaction that occurs during the cracking process   

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Answer #1

Diels-Alder reaction is thermally induced [4+2] cycloaddition reaction.

The energy difference between HOMO of diene and LUMO of dienophile (Or other way around) governs the ease and rate of reaction. More the HOMO-LUMO gap better and faster is the reaction.

The heat energy can uplift the energy of HOMO of diene and the conjugation in dienophile can lowers LUMO energy and ultimately the HOMO-LUMO gap decreases and reaction takes place efficiently.

Hence cyclopentadiene- diene in our case is cracked in its reaction with malonic anhydride.

The reaction and the product formed is shown in diagram.

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