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It has been observed that cells lacking alcohol dehydrogenase accumulate large amounts of glycerol during anaerobic...

It has been observed that cells lacking alcohol dehydrogenase accumulate large amounts of glycerol during anaerobic fermentation. Explain why.

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Answer #1

Anaerobic fermentation is used by cells to extract energy from carbohydrates when oxygen or other electron acceptors are not available. During this alcohol is converted into sugar in the absence of oxygen.

Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is an oxidoreductase, which catalyzes the oxidation of alcohols, using NAD+ or NADP+ as an electron acceptor.

Accumulation of Glycerol during anaerobic fermentation is due to:

  • low blood volume
  • lower concentration of dehydrogenase – an enzyme that breaks alcohol down.
  • smaller body size
  • regular occurrences of hormonal changes.
  • The content of body fat is directly related to the rate of absorption and metabolizing of alcohol. Since fat does not absorb alcohol, the entire alcohol content remains in a highly concentrated form in the bloodstream. Consequently, accumulation of glycerol (fat) takes place.
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