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Write formulas for the following molecules using elemental symbols from the periodic table and subscripts. a.)...

Write formulas for the following molecules using elemental symbols from the periodic table and subscripts. a.) A molecule of aluminum chloride, in which the ratio of aluminum atoms to chlorine atoms is 1 to 3. b.) A molecule of carbon dioxide.

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Answer #1

a) The atomic number of Al is 13, and the electronic configuration is 1s22s22p63s23p1. The outermost shell has 3 electrons. By losing 3 electrons Al atom converts to Al3+ ion (because Al is metal).

The symbol for chlorine atom is: Cl

The atomic number of Cl is 17, and the electronic configuration is 1s22s22p63s23p5. The outermost shell needs one electron to get stable configuration. By gaining 1 electron Cl atom converts to Cl- ion (Cl is non-metal).

By Criss-Cross method we get the formula of Aluminium chloride.

The metal is written first. The nonmetal is written second. Criss-cross the charges from the metal and nonmetal. Finally we will have the molecular formula AlCl3 given below.

b) Carbon dioxide molecule contains one carbon atom with symbol C and two oxygen atoms (oxygen atom symbol is O). Therefore the molecular formula is CO2.

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