What is meant by the statement that a pure crystalline organic substance has a sharp melting point?
Sharp melting point of a pure crystalline organic substance means that the substance melts completely over a narrow range of temperature (not more than 0.5 - 1.0 oC).
If we heat a pure crystalline organic substance at a steady, slow rate, we can observe the substance melts. But the process of its melting occurs in a very short range of temperature i.e, the temperature when it starts to melt and the temperature when it melts completely.
An impure substance melts over a very wide range of temperature.
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