Question

Calculate the theoretical yield, actual yield, and percent yield. In the experiemnt conducted 1.04 grams of...

Calculate the theoretical yield, actual yield, and percent yield. In the experiemnt conducted 1.04 grams of p-nitrobenzoic acid was added to 30 mL of diethyl ether and then transferred in a seprartory funnel. 15 mL of 5% NaOH was added and the layers were separated. This was done twice to separate the organic from the aqueous layer then vaccum filtration was used to get the salt. I got .12g of salt but I am confused as to how you find the theoretical yield, actual yield, and percent yield from just this information. Please write steps on how you calculate.

Homework Answers

Answer #1

The reaction of diethyl ether with p-nitrobenzoic acid (molar mass 167) will give p-nitrobenzaldehyde. As this reaction will not be 100% so there will be unreacted p-nitrobenzoic acid. This unreacted p-nitrobenzoic acid will react with NaOH to give p-nitro sodium benzoate ( molar mass: 189 g/mol)

the mass of p-nitrobenzoic acid initially = 1.04 g

So, the moles of p-nitrobenzoic acid initially = 1.04/167 = 0.006227 moles

So, the moles of p-nitro sodium benzoate that should have been obtained = 0.006227 moles

So, the theoretical yield the mass of p-nitro sodium benzoate that should have been obtained = 0.006227 * 189 = 1.1769 g

The actual yield = 0.12 g

So percentage yield = (0.12/1.1769 )*100 % = 10.196 %

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