Relative population of two different energy states is given by Boltzman population distribution :
since,
suppose the system is at temperature equals to 300 K, then
= 0.023
i.e. relative population between first excited state and ground state is 0.023.
assuming that initially all the molecules were in the ground state, then 2.3 % of the molecules will be in first excited state.
i.e. 0.023 * 4
= 0.09 mol of ClF
= 0.09 moles of ClF is in first excited state.
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