Question

Define stoichiometry and exemplify stoichiometric relationships on a general chemical equation. Define limiting and excess reagent. Define actual, theoretical and percent yield.  

Answer 1

stoichiometry --> ratio between reactants and products. They will typically relate numercial via stoichiometric coeffcieints.

Example:

H2 + O2 = H2O

there is excess O2, the balance will not work, we need to balance the reaction in order to have stoichiometric relationship.

2H2 + O2 = 2H2O

this is now balanced

Q2.

limiting reactant --> will finish up first reacting, there is not enough of this reactant to continue reaction

excess reagent --> there is plenty of this material, after limit. reactant finishes, there will be some excess reagent left

Q3

actual yield --> how much product is obtained in a real / lab practice

theoretical yield --> how much product could form if 100% of the limiting reactant actually reacted

% yield --> ratio between actual/theoretical * 100%