The white light is made up of variety of different wavelengths that correspond to different colours such as violet , indigo , blue , green , yellow , orange and red. When this light is incident on any object, some of the frequencies get absorbed and the others are reflected back. The colour which is reflected back , is perceived by our eyes as the colour of the object.
So if the object appears black , this means all of the light is absorbed by it and none is reflected. And when the object appeats white , it means all the light is reflected back and nothing is absorbed.
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