Question

Explain why all atoms are roughly the same size (within a factor of ~4), and have similar ionization energies (within a factor of ~6.5), despite the atomic number (charge on the nucleus) varying by a factor of >100.

Answer 1

A:- Those the elements are diagonally related to each other are shows roughly same atomic size.

For example, Li => Mg, Be => Al, B => Si

Such elements shows a five similar properties, like ionization energy. The reason is, in such elemental atom the nuclear attractive forces are similar. If the nuclear attractive forces are similar, required same amount of energy to removal of electrons.

For Lithium, IE = 520.0 Kj, Magnesium, IE = 738.1

     Boron, IE = 801 Kj, Silicon, IE = 786.3 Kj