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Before the carbons coming from glycolysis can enter the TCA cycle, they must be converted to...

Before the carbons coming from glycolysis can enter the TCA cycle, they must be converted to acetyl-CoA by what enzyme complex? What are its effector molecules? Do all the carbons from a glucose molecule enter the TCA cycle?

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Answer #1

Ans. #1. Glucose is first converted into pyruvate through glycolysis.

Pyruvate in converted into acetyl-CoA by the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex before it can enter citric acid cycle.

#2. Any molecule that binds to the allosteric site of the enzyme and modulate the rate of catalysis is called an effector.

For example, NADH and acetyl-CoA also acts as effector of the enzyme as they, when present in higher concentration, binds to the enzyme and inhibit its catalysis.   

#3. No.

During concertation of pyruvate (3C) into acetyl-CoA (2C), there is loss of one C-atom as CO2. So, only 2 C-atoms per pyruvate enter TCA. Or, only 4 C-atoms per glucose molecule enter TCA.

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