Question

1. (a) Explain how CO interacts with the circulatory system, especially the relationship among CO, CO2, and O2 in blood cells and how exposure to CO influences normal oxygenation mechanisms. (b) Why are individuals with heart disease at greater risk when exposed to elevated CO levels?

2. How is particle deposition and removal from the lung influenced by the size of the particles?

Answer 1

1.

a)CO interacts with haemoglobin in the blood to form carboxy haemoglobin which is very dangerous for our health .

Carbon monoxide shifts the oxygen-haemoglobin saturation curve to the left and changes it to a more hyperbolic shape.As a result , Less oxygen is available for the tissues.

b)because less oxygen will be available for the tissues .

2) Depending on their size and shape, the particles can be deposited by means of four mechanisms-

i)impaction (for aerosols)(ii)interception(fibres)(iii)sedimentation(higher mass particles)(iv)suspension(aerosol particle moving erratically)

removal-

The insoluble particles are trapped by the gel and they are moved toward the pharyngolaryngeal region by the movements of the ciliated epithelium, where it is either coughed up or swallowed.

The soluble particles are eliminated by absorptive mechanisms