Question

How do we use the periodic table as a map of sorts to assess the properties of an atom and how it might bond with another atom?

Answer 1

Every element tends to achieve noble gas electronic configuration by gaining,losing or sharing electrons. In periodic table as we move in groups ( vertical column), number of shells increases due to which, outermost electrons lie far away from the nucleus due to which atomic radius increases. In periods ( horizontal rows), atomic number increases due to which number of electrons and protons increases and thus attraction between outermost electrons and nucleus increases and radii decreases.

This increase and decrease in atomic radii will affect the properties of elements. As radii increases, attraction between outermost electrons and nucleus decreases and less energy is required to remove an electron from it (ionization energy) and less energy is released when electron is added to it (electron gain energy).

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