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I have a lab practical today and I have to do the following but I'm not...

I have a lab practical today and I have to do the following but I'm not sure how and how do I analyze my result can someone explain please? since it is an openbook so it would be helpful if someone can explain the steps!

This is the what I'm asked to do:

" To determine if your sample contains an organic acid or base impurity, and to isolate it from a neutral organic compound and determine the impurity's identity based on melting point. Please refer to the flow chart in Exp 4D. Some of you will have an acid impurity and some of you will have a base impurity in your sample, so prepare for either scenario - I will not tell you which one you have! Then you will identify your impurity based on its melting point, calculate % recovery, and submit the sample to me for inspection (I will give you a vial). We will discard the neutral compound this time (whereas last time you identified the neutral.) "

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Answer #1

organic acid impurity --> will be soluble in water

base impurity --> will react with acid

Therefore

for an neutral organi compound:

add some mild base such as Na2CO3, it shoudl react with the organic acid only, then, this will be ionic

it will be in the auqeous layer, so take it off

the neutral orcanic compound should remain in the orgnaic layer (now pure)

Similar for the base:

add diluted HCl

this should react with the base impurity, which will be in ionic state

then, this will be bot in the aqueous layer

the organic layer remains organic...

This is now separated!

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