Question

8. Circle the element or ion that best represents each statement for the following.

a) The most negative first electron affinity

N O F

b) The most likely to have a positive first electron affinity  

Li F Ne

c) The most likely to have a negative first electron affinity

Li F Ne

d) The greatest effective nuclear charge

Mg Al Si

e) State one element that has an especially large (and positive) electron affinity

Please explain the answer and quick response please, crunched on time at the moment.

Answer 1

8.

a) Electron affinity is the ability to attract electron towards an atom and it is expected to be more for the more electronegative atom, thus here it is F.

b) Positive first electron affinity means we have to put a lot of energy to get an electron to it. Thus it is expected to be highest for a noble gas like Ne.

c) The first negative electron affinity means energy released when electron is uptaken, and it is here the F.

d) The greatest effective nuclear charge means that in which the nucleus at the centre has the most attraction towards the outermost electrons. For metals, the electrons go away a bit easier compared to Si, that means the greatest effective nuclear charge is applicable for Si.

e) Radon (Rn) has the highest positive electron affinity since it is a noble gas and it has the most effective nuclear charge.