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What is theoretical plate and column hold-up and how does it affect the efficiency fractional distillation?

What is theoretical plate and column hold-up and how does it affect the efficiency fractional distillation?

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Theoretical Plate is the region or zone in which two phases similar or different (such as liquid or gas) are in equilibrium with each other. If we Increase the number of theoretical plates it will increase the efficiency of distillation

Column hold up is the liquid that is embedded or immobilized in the packing material of the column. The more the liquid is held, the more will be the contact between the liquid and the vapor phase so it will increase the efficiency of distillation. mainly it enhances the separation between more and less volatile substances.

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