Question

IT’S URGENT!!

1. There are both cancer treatments and autoimmune disease treatments that target CTLA4. Ipilimumab and tremelimumab are CTLA-4 blocking antibodies that are under clinical development for treatment of melanoma and other cancers (a blocking antibody binds to the target, CTLA-4, and prevents the natural ligand from binding, blocking signal from CTLA-4). How would a CTLA-4 blocking antibody enhance tumour responses?

Answer 1

Answer:

Ipilimumab and tremelimumab acts as CTLA-4 blocking antibodies and inhibits cancer responses.

• Tumors evade immune recognition by using negative feedback from CTLA-4 receptor.
• T-cell upregulate the expression of inhibitory receptor (CTLA-4) during chronic inflammation.
• CTLA-4 upregulates the activation threshold of T cells, inhibiting immune responses to self and tumor antigens by limiting CD28-mediated signaling during antigen presentation.

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