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Why we need to add 1 ml of 0.05% O-nitro-phenyl-β-galactoside (ONPG) to the lac operon induction...

Why we need to add 1 ml of 0.05% O-nitro-phenyl-β-galactoside (ONPG) to the lac operon induction experiment? In details, explain the mechanism of action.

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Lac operon is also called as lactose operon.It consists of three genes which is Lac Z,Y,A.These genes are transcribed into single mRNA under the control of promoter.The gene Z usually codes for beta galactosidase.Ortho-nitrophenyl beta galactosidase(oNPG) ia a lactose analogoue.It is quantitatively used to measure the enzyme activity of beta galactosidase.If beta galactosidase is present it will hydrolyze oNPG into galactose and orthonitrophenol.The compound is yellow and is used to detect the ezymatic reaction.

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