Question

1. If a mutation occurred as shown below, would the protein be changed? If so, how? Be specific.

TAC CTA TTC TGT AGT CAC GGC ACT

2. If a mutation occurred as shown below, would the protein be changed? If so, how? Be specific.

TAC CTG TTC TGT ATT CAC GGC ACT

3. If a mutation occurred as shown below, would the protein be changed? If so, how? Be specific.

TAC CGTG TTC TGT AGT CAC GGC ACT

Answer 1

Input strands are DNA which will be converted to their corresponding mRNA and then translated into proteins.

1. DNA: TAC CTA TTC TGT AGT CAC GGC ACT

mRNA: AUG GAU AAG ACA UCA GUG CCG UGA

Protein: MET ASP LYS THR SER VAL PRO STOP

So here, the mutation is not specified in the question. If we compare all the three sequences we can see that synonymous mutations have occurred and the amino acids remain same.

2. DNA: TAC CTG TTC TGT ATT CAC GGC ACT

mRNA: AUG GAC AAG ACA UAA GUG CCG UGA

Protein: MET ASP LYS THR STOP VAL PRO STOP

In this case, a nonsense mutation has occurred as a new STOP codon has been inserted because of the mutation.

3. DNA: TAC CGT GTT CTG TAG TCA CGG CAC T

mRNA: AUG GCA CAA GAC AUC AGU GCC GUG A

Protein: MET ALA GLN ASP ILE SER ALA VAL A

This example shows an international mutation which has resulted in the change of reading frame and thus all the subsequent amino acids have been changed.

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