Question

12. What is the epiphyseal line?

13. What are the factors affecting bone remodeling?

14. Describe the growth of a long bone; indicate what occurs in the 5 layers of the growth area.

15. How do bones respond to mechanical stress?

16. Describe the role of vitamins A and C in the formation of bones.

17. Define osteomalacia, rickets, and osteoporosis

.18. What are the effects of thyroid and parathyroid hormones on blood calcium levels?1

9. What are the three different cartilages in the body and where are they found?

20. Which is likely to heal faster, a bone injury or a cartilage injury? Why?

21. What are the organic and inorganic components of the bone matrix, and what specific roles do they play?

22. What are the six types of bone fracture?

Answer 1

1) The diaphysis, metaphysis and epiphysis make a long bone. The diaphysis is the main long section of the bone, the epiphysis is the rounded end of the long bone, and the metaphysis is the narrow portion of a long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis. The epiphyseal plate is a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone. It is the place where the bone grows longer. The epiphyseal plate is present in children, which is then replaced with the epiphyseal line in adults who have stopped growing.