Question

How does spatial structure affect competition and cooperation?

Why do endosymbionts tend to have very small genomes?

Why might scientists apply economic theory to understanding mutualisms and how they trade resources?

Answer 1

Spatial structure increase cooperation among organisms and decrease competition. Spatial structure is the ordered and structured arrangement of resources, where all the participant organisms have equal opportunity

Endosymbionts like Mitochondria and Chloroplasts have small genome. Because they are Semi autonomous organelles. That means most of their required proteins or enzymes acquired from the host cell, where they get shelter

Symbiosis is the mutual understanding between two different organisms, where food and shelter shared. For example Lichanes, where symbiosis of Fungi and Algae take place . Algae provide food to fungi. Where as fungi assist to algae to get nutrients and water from soil and rocks. This symbiosis decrease the efforts of two organisms and promotes successful life. This is economical to both organisms.