Question

This data table lists the most common types of cancer in the United States, and includes information on the known or likely carcinogens, estimated cases per year, and estimated deaths per year in 2014.

Cancer in the United States (Ranked by number of cases)
Cancer	Known or Likely Carcinogenes or Factors	Estimated cases (2014)	Estimated deaths (2014)
Breast	Estrogen; possibly dietary fat	235,000	40,400
Prostate	Testosterone; possibly dietary fat	233,000	29,500
Lung	Cigarette smoke	224,000	159,000
Colon and rectum	High dietary fat; low dietary fiber	136,800	50,310
Skin	Ultraviolet light	81,200	13,000
Lymphomas	Viruses (for some types)	80,000	20,100
Bladder	Cigarette smoke	74,700	15,600
Uterus	Estrogen	65,000	12,600
Kidney	Cigarette smoke	63,900	13,900
Leukemias	X-rays; benzene; viruses (for some types)	52,400	24,100
Pancreas	Cigarette smoke	46,400	39,600
Liver	Alcohol; hepatitis viruses	33,200	23,000
Brain and nerve	Trauma; X-rays	23,400	14,300
Stomach	Table salt; cigarette smoke	22,200	11,000
Ovary	Large number of ovulation cycles	22,000	14,300
Cervix	Viruses; cigarette smoke	12,400	4,000
All other types		259,940	101,010
Total		1,665,540	585,720
Data from: Cancer Facts and Figures 2014 (American Cancer Society Inc.)

Part A - Interpreting the data table

You can estimate the deadliness of each type of cancer by dividing the number of deaths by the number of cases. If nearly everyone who received a diagnosis of one particular type of cancer dies, the ratio will be near 1 (or 100% deadly). If many more people receive a diagnosis than die, the ratio will be near 0 (or 0% deadly).

Rank these three cancer types from the most deadly to the least deadly.

Answer 1

CANCER TYPE	DEADLINESS
Breast	40400/235000 = 0.1719
Prostate	29500/233000 = 0.1266
Lung	159000/224000 = 0.7098
Colon and Rectum	50310/136800 = 0.3677
Skin	13000/81200 = 0.1600
Lymphomas	20100/80000 = 0.2512
Bladder	15600/74700 = 0.2088
Uterus	12600/65000 = 0.1938
Kidney	13900/63900 = 0.2175
Leukaemias	24100/52400 = 0.4599
Pancreas	39600/46400 = 0.8534
Liver	23000/33200 = 0.6927
Brain and Nerve	14300/23400 = 0.6111
Stomach	11000/22200 = 0.4954
Ovary	14300/22000 = 0.6500
Cervix	4000/12400 = 0.3225
All other types	101010/259940 = 0.3885
Cancer (In total)	585720/1665540 = 0.3516

Rank (Most deadly to least) :-

Pancreas > Lung > Liver > Ovary > Brain&Nerve > Stomach > Leukaemia > Colon&Rectum > Cervix > Lymphomas > Kidney > Bladder > Uterus > Breast > Skin > Prostate