In vibrio infection, chlorella toxin binds to GM1 ganglioside present on surface of intestinal epithelium causing activation of G protein. G protein stimulates the adenyl cyclase which synthesize cAMP causing increase in cellular cAMP levels. Increased cAMP levels cause activation of protein kinase A. Protein kinase A phosphorylates cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR). Phosphorylation of CFTR cause efflux of sodium and chloride ions in gut.
High levels of cAMP is necessary for activation of protein kinase A which phosphorylates the CFTR & chloride ions increase the solute concentration in the gut, causing the entry of water in the gut due to osmosis, thereby causing diarrhoea.
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