Question

What is meant by a shift and a drift mutation in viruses?

What is meant by a shift and a drift mutation in viruses?

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Answer #1

Antigenic Drift - The mutation in the virus brings out the minor change in the structure. This mutation slightly changes the virus protein coat so it looks different virus to our immune system. So antibody in our body created last time to the old strain is no longer response to this new virus. Thats why we get sick with the flu more than once.
Influenza A and B virus undergoes Antigenic drift.

Antigenic shift - The mutation in the virus brings out the major changes in the influenza virus.This shift brings a dramatic cross over between birds to animals, pigs to animals or viceversa.
This muatation create a new subtype of virus that is totally different from the normal strain.
Example, Bird flu, swine flu

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