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Changes to histone proteins such as acetylation can affect gene expression because: a. acetylated histones bind...

Changes to histone proteins such as acetylation can affect gene expression because:

a. acetylated histones bind to specific DNA sequences near promoters to activate transcription

b. chromatin with acetylated histones is decondensed and more accessible to transcription factors

c. acetylated histones bind to specific DNA sequences near promoters to repress transcription

d. RNA polymerase cannot transcribe past nucleosomes with acetylated histones.

Please explain why the other answer choices are incorrect, thank you in advance!

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Answer #1

Acetylation, methylation like regulation is called epigenetic control. By acetylating the histone the DNA is accessible to the transcription factors and polymerase and can easily transcribe.

DNA is negatively charged due to the presence of phosphate groups. Histone is positively charged due to the presence of positively charged amino acids. Hence these opposite charges will attract together and this is the reason for the genome organization. By this mechanism, DNA is maintained in a condensed state.

Acetylation removes the positive charge on histone so the interaction will not happen. Therefore DNA will be decondensed and can easily access by the transcriptional factors.

Acetylation occurs to the H4K16th position.

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