Question

What type of organisms are responsible for the production of most of the oxygen on Earth?

What molecule is the source of the electrons in the electron transport chain?

What molecule is the source of the oxygen that is released as a byproduct of photosynthesis?

Which of the following is the same thing as a proton?

What molecule is the source of the protons that are used to establish the proton gradient?

What molecule does the electron end up in at the end of the two light reactions (i.e. After Photosystems II and I)?

What is the proton gradient used for?

What does the term ‘carbon fixation’ refer to?

During the light-independent reactions, the Calvin Cycle requires NADPH and ATP. Where does the cell get these molecules?

The product of the light-independent reactions is a molecule called G3P. What does the cell use it for?

What is the overall functiono of photosynthesis; why do cells perform this process?

Answer 1

Please find the answers below:

Answer 1: Photosynthetic green plants are the major source of production of most of the oxygen on the earth. They capture sunlight to generate their food material i.e. glucose from gaseous carbon dioxide and simultaneously release oxygen.

Answer 2: The coupling of Kreb's cycle and electron transport chain generates energy. Thus, the product of Kreb's cycle i.e. oxaloacetic acid remains the primary source of electron donor for electron transport chain.

Answer 3: Molecular investigations have revealed that water remains the source of oxygen released during photosynthesis.

Answer 4: As a similarity, both proton and electrons are carriers of energy and form an electro-chemical gradient across the mitochondrial membrane to generate energy.