Misfolded protein can induce cellular stress which overloads the proteolytic machinery. Cell produces chaperones which promote refolding of the misfolded protein, help in their degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
Tansmembrane proteins moves out of the translocon into the phospholipid bilayer. It is here that it anchors the protein. The first α-helical segment initiates insertion of the growing chain into the ER membrane.
In single-pass transmembrane proteins, the crossing of polypeptide occurs only once crosses only once as opposed to multipass transmembrane proteins, where the polypeptide chain crosses multiple times. The insertion can be done through internal uncleaved signal-anchor sequence located near the N-terminus.
Get Answers For Free
Most questions answered within 1 hours.