Question

Name any 5 bacteria/other microbes present as normal flora in any one body site and very briefly discuss the importance of normal flora in general (3-4 sentences).

Answer 1

Answer -The Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, and Proteus spp. are the predominant Gram-negative organisms also Acinetobacter spp occurs on the normal skin.

The functions of the normal flora include digestion of substrates, production of vitamins, stimulation of cell maturation, stimulation of the immune system, help in intestinal transit and colonization resistance.They prevent colonization by pathogens by competing for attachment & nutrients. Synthesis of vitamins that are absorbed as nutrients by the host, synthesis of vitamin K and B12 .Production of substances that inhibit pathogenic species.They stimulate the development of certain tissues, e.g. colon and lymphatic tissues in gastrointestinal tract.They also stimulate production of cross-reactive antibodies.