What is the central dogma of molecular biology? What do the arrows represent and how do replication, transcription, and translation conform to the central dogma?
What is semi-conservative replication? How does it function in DNA replication and transcription? What would the mechanism of conservative replication look like?
What is DNA polymerase? Explain the roles of its various components in DNA replication.
What are the three types of RNA molecules involved in translation? What roles do each of them play in this process?
What is RNA polymerase? Explain its role in transcription. How is RNA polymerase similar to and different from DNA polymerase?
How is transcription initiated and terminated? What is the importance of the promoter consensus sequence? How and why do consensus sequences differ from one another?
=> Central dogma of molecular biology represents the process of flow of information from genes to proteins.
DNA <----> DNA ===> RNA ===> Protein.
=> The replication represented by DNA to DNA arrow. Transcription is represented by by DNA to RNA arrow. Translation is represented by RNA to protein arrow. Replication involves the copying of DNA catalyzed by DNA polymerase in the individuals or during division. Transcription is the synthesis of RNA molecule catalyzed by RNA polymerase using DNA as template. Translation is the synthesis of protein using mRNA as the template and is catalyzed by ribozyme.
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