Question

13) you discovered a fossil bird in Jurassic rocks that appears very closely related to Archaepteryx. You note it has feathers and teeth. You also note a few other characters that make it different from modern birds these characers might be

1. a long feathered tail.

2. fingers with claws extending from the wings

3. scaly clawed hind feet.

4. hollow bones

5. air sacs connected by tubes to the lungs

6. no urinary bladder

A) 1 and 2

b) 3 and 4

C) 5 and 6

d) none of the characters listed above

14) you are digging for fossils in Jurassic rocks and unearth a complete skeleton of a fossil synapsid. You are undecided, at first, whether the animal was a mammal or a more primitive mammal-like reptile. Which characters listed below. Would help you decide?

A) the fossil has seven neck vertebrae.

B) the fossil has a single lower jawbone and three ear bones.

C) the fossil has a hair

d) at least two of the characters listed above would be decisive.

15) The African elephant(loxodonta Africana) has very sizable ears with large blood vessels flowing through them, as well as long columnar legs, while the wooly mammoth(Mammuthus primigenius), has very small ears and shorter thicker legs than African elephants, Mammoths, however, weigh about twice as much as the largest African elephants. What might account for these significant differeneces in ear and limb size between these two pachyderms?

A) the African elephant lives in hotter climates while they wooly mammoth lived in colder ones and these difference in limb and ear length reflect adaptation to these habitat differences.

b) the African elephant probably has many more predators and needs these longer legs to escape and the larger ears to hear the danger coming.

c) these are probably differences due to coincidence and are not adaptations at all.

d) there is not enough information to adequately answer this question.

16) Caprimulgiforme bidrs(oilbirds, frogmouths, potoos, and owlet-nightjars) have been observed opening their mouths(gape) and expose the wet surface of their mouths while performing gular ( throat) fluttering. The rate of blood flow is also increased to the mouth as well. Why might do they do this?

a) to allow themselves to lose excess heat via evaporation

b) to allow themselves to lose excess heat via vasodilation

C) to allow themselves to lose excess heat via vasoconstriction

d) to allow themselves to lose excess heat via countercurrent exchange.

17) positive feedback has occurred when

A) an increase of blood sugar initiates the secretion of a hormone to store sugar as glycogen which then decreases when the sugar in brought to a proper level in the blood.

b) a decrease in blood sugar initiates the secretion of a hormone that convers glycogen to glucose which then decrease when the blood sugar reaches the proper level.

c) a nursing infant’s sucking increase the secretion of milk-releasing hormone in the mother which causes the production of milk to increase.

d) an increase of calcium in the blood initiates the secretion of a hormone that stores calcium in bones which then decrease when the level in the blood reaches the proper level.

Answer 1