Question

The antibiotic chloramphenicol acts by binding to the rRNA in the large subunit of the ribosome...

The antibiotic chloramphenicol acts by binding to the rRNA in the large subunit of the ribosome and blocking the formation of peptide bonds. What effect would this have on transcription and translation? How does this action make chloramphenicol effective at inhibiting bacterial growth?

please type the answers.

Homework Answers

Answer #1

The antibiotic chloramphenicol affects translation in bacteria and inhibits bacterial growth by:

Chloramphenicol binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and blocks peptide formation through inhibition of peptidyl transferase. So no protein synthesis occurs in bacteria but it does not affect the cytosolic protein synthesis in eukaryotes.

Effect of antibiotic chloramphenicol on transcription in bacteria:

Low concentration of antibiotic chloramphenicol results in accumulation of stable RNA and mRNA in excess of total protein. The syntheses of individual ribosomal proteins are co-ordinately stimulated so that the balance between rRNA and ribosomal protein production is maintained.

But the effect is opposite at the higher dosage concentration of chloramphenicol, which inhibits protein synthesis.

Know the answer?
Your Answer:

Post as a guest

Your Name:

What's your source?

Earn Coins

Coins can be redeemed for fabulous gifts.

Not the answer you're looking for?
Ask your own homework help question
Similar Questions
You have discovered several new antimicrobial compounds that inhibit bacterial growth and are effective as antibiotics....
You have discovered several new antimicrobial compounds that inhibit bacterial growth and are effective as antibiotics. You have also determined the specific bacterial cellular target for each. a. Based on your knowledge of replication, transcription, and translation and the differences in how these processes occur in prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes indicate which of these three genetic processes each compound will directly inhibit and justify your answers using specific details. Compound A   is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme primase Compound B  ...
1) E. coli cells are growing in medium containing lactose but no glucose. Briefly describe the...
1) E. coli cells are growing in medium containing lactose but no glucose. Briefly describe the consequence of the following changes (one to two sentences for each condition): a. Addition of high concentration of glucose. b. A mutation that inactivates galactoside permease. c. A mutation that inactivates beta-galactosidase. d. A mutation that affects binding of CAP to c-AMP e. A mutation that affects binding of inducer to LacI f. A lac operator mutation that deletes all of the O1 2)...
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS PLEASE :) QUESTION 41 The process of making a DNA strand by transcribing...
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS PLEASE :) QUESTION 41 The process of making a DNA strand by transcribing an RNA template is named Translation Reverse transcription transcription Reverse translation Priming QUESTION 42 Genes Q and P are linked. In the dihybrid testcross of cross of Qp/qP x qp/qp, what genotypes will be recombinant. Qp/qp QP/qp qP/qp qp/qp Both b and d are recombinants QUESTION 43 Damage to DNA that occurs prior to DNA replication results in the arrest of normal cells at...
12. If the DNA repair mechanisms fail to correct a defect in nucleotide sequencing, a permanent...
12. If the DNA repair mechanisms fail to correct a defect in nucleotide sequencing, a permanent change known as a __________________ may result. 13. As the enzyme helicase opens and “unzips” the two strands of DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds, a Y-shaped ________________________ forms. a. Lagging strand b. Leading strand c. Okazaki fragment d. Replication fork 14. One large difference between transcription and translation between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that, in prokaryotes: a. Translation occurs simultaneously with transcription b....
1. Which of the following in not directly involved in the production of proteins? a. Golgi...
1. Which of the following in not directly involved in the production of proteins? a. Golgi complex b. Plasma membrane c. Rough endoplasmic reticulum d. Nucleus 2. A new coach tells his team that the reason they get fatigued after three minutes of exercise is because they do not have enough oxygen in their red blood cells. He has no data to support his position. Therefore his advice is? a. Valid since he is an expert working with people b....
When is a hypothesis considered scientific? a. when it is based on something other than observation...
When is a hypothesis considered scientific? a. when it is based on something other than observation b. when it can be tested and is refutable c. when it relies on anecdotal evidence d. when it relies on mystical explanations e. All hypotheses are considered scientific until experiments determine otherwise. 3. Of the following, which is the earliest step in the scientific process? a. generating a hypothesis b. analyzing data c. conducting an experiment d. drawing a conclusion e. developing a...
ADVERTISEMENT
Need Online Homework Help?

Get Answers For Free
Most questions answered within 1 hours.

Ask a Question
ADVERTISEMENT