Ans .(i) Because the Cl- ions are actually reversed - the " inside " term is on the top and " outside " term is on the bottom - this happens because chloride is a negative ion , so it has the reverse effect on the voltage potential.
(ii) Goldman equation is an equation used to calculate the electrical equilibrium potential across the cell membrane in the presence of more than one ions taking into account the selectivity of membrane's permeability. It is derived from the Nernst equation.
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