Question

Which of the following is an example of the bottleneck effect?

		Coyote pups are more likely to survive in a snowy environment if they are born white.
		Cattle farmer chooses the largest males to breed; this results in larger bulls from year to year.
		A small group of mice float on a drifting log to an island; starts a new population.
		Grey wolves are hunted until near extinction; population recovers.

Answer 1

Usually bottleneck effect implies a sharp reducation or curtailing in the poulation and the allele frequencu of the individuals due to variagated environmental obstacles like harsh environments, earthquakes, volcanic erruption and many others and the reamaining survivors move to other land, starts adapting with the different kind of environments and start a new population with robustness.

So here we can see in the option C a small group of mice (may be the population is victim of any environmental obstacle or anthropogenic activities) float on a drifting log to an island and there they start to adapt with the population and they start a new population. This is an ideal example of Population bottleneck.