Question

Match the following terms or phrases with the corresponding stage of PCR: Denaturation; Annealing; extension

1.Taq polymerase is adding nuclueotides

2.Primers bind to flanking sequences

3.Approximately 95 degrees Celcius

4.Approximately 60 degrees Celsius

5.Approximately 75 degrees Celcius

6.Hydrogen bonds are broken between double-stranded DNA

Answer 1

Answer-

According to the given question-

PCR - also known as Polymerase chain reaction, used for making several copies of a specific sample of DNA.

Steps -

Denaturation- with the application of heat, more than 90⁰ C, responsible for separating the double-stranded DNA and leads to the production of single-strand DNA. Hydrogen bonds present between the nitrogenous bases is broken down.

Annealing - in this step Primer is added at the Target Sequence. The primers are short, DNA sequences made up of 20-30 bases, and a 5' end biotin-labeled is used for detection.   two primers are used one is a forward primer and the other is a reverse primer for the production of complementary DNA strands. The annealing temperature is kept between 40 ⁰C - 65 ⁰C.

Extension -

Extension temperature is kept at 72 ⁰C after the anneling of primer with the complementary sequences of DNA. enzyme Taq DNA polymerase obtainsed from Thermus aquatics, catalyzes the replication of DNA strands in 5′ to 3′ direction.

Denaturation	6- Hydrogen bonds present between the double-stranded DNA are broken due to high temperature 3- Temperature is 95 0C
Annealing	2 - Primers , short sequence of DNA , bind with the flanking sequences. 4 - Temperature is 60 0C.
extension	1- Taq polymerase enzyme are responsible for adding the nuclueotides. 5- Temperature is75 0C.