Question

1. Describe the benefits and drawbacks of each of the three main nitrogenous wastes that are produced by organisms.

2. a) Discuss the feedback loop for both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in someone with type 1 diabetes. Assume that the person does not have access to any medication. b) Explain why it is dangerous if diabetes goes untreated.

3. Hormonal contraceptives are prescribed for many biological females with abnormal menstrual cycles. Why is this done? Explain using an example of a hormonal contraceptive

Answer 1

Answer 1:- there are mainly three type of nitrogen waste: ammonia,urea and uric acid, occur in organisms.

• Ammonia is simple single molecule nitrogen wates which is very toxic. It takes lots of water to flush out from body. Due to simple nature it easily come out from body with lots of water. It does not required energy during production. Most of aquatic form shows ammonetic mode of excretion.
• Urea is less toxic than the ammonia. Urea can stay for longer time in body and required less water than ammonia. Urea produced by liver in mammals. Mammals , earthworms, cartilaginous fishes, adult form of frog etc show uerotelic mode of excretion.
• Uric acid is least nitrogenous waste as compare to ammonia and urea and very least amount of water for excretion. Uric is complex molecule which consume most energy for during production by cell

Kindly creat another post for remaining questions.