Question

It is smart to use more than one gene when creating a phylogenetic tree because... Some...

It is smart to use more than one gene when creating a phylogenetic tree because...

Some genes NEVER accumulate mutations. We must use several genes in order to find the ones that actually change over time, and thus can be used to make a phylogenetic tree.

We just do it because all the smart geneticists are using more than one gene. It's scientific peer pressure.

Different genes will show the same degree of relatedness between species. We just use multiple genes to make sure our methods are accurate.

Different genes will show different degrees of relatedness between species. To get a more accurate estimate of true relatedness, more genes (i.e. sequence data) must be used.
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Answer #1

Phylogenetic tree involves diagrammatic representations (branching diagrams), to demonstrate the evolutionary relationships between species, taxa, population, or genes.

Thus, gene trees are phylogenetic trees, constructed based on homologous sequence or gene sequences analysis.

This involve analysis of:

a. Ortholog- genes showing phylogenetic relationship with species.

b. Paralog- genes showing homology caused by duplication of gene (s).

Mutations in genes may lead to divergence between homologous sequences. Gene trees are also affected by genetic polymorphisms and multigenic families. Thus, comparison of multiple genes or sequences, determines more accuracy in data.

Hence, correct option is option 4.

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