Question

In the California poppy, an allele for yellow flowers (C) is dominant over an allele for...

  1. In the California poppy, an allele for yellow flowers (C) is dominant over an allele for white flowers (c). At an independently assorting locus, an allele for entire petals (F) is dominant over an allele for fringed petals (f). A plant that is homozygous for yellow and entire petals is crossed with a plant that is white and fringed. A resulting F1 plant is then crossed with a plant that is white and fringed, and the following progeny are produced: 64 yellow and entire, 86 yellow and fringed, 56 white and entire, and 44 white and fringed.
    1. Use a chi-square test to compare the observed numbers with those expected for the cross.
    2. What conclusion can you make from the results of the chi-square test? Does is reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? (Note: you may have to establish a null hypothesis.)
    3. Suggest an explanation for the results.
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Answer #1

Null hypothesis - F and C genes show independent assortment.

P0 : FFCC × ffcc

F1 : FfCc

F2 : FfCc × ffcc

Gametes fc
FC FfCc
Fc Ffcc
fC ffCc
fc ffcc

Expected phenotypic ratio = 1 : 1 : 1 : 1

Total # progenies = 64 + 44 + 86 + 56 = 250

Expected # = 250 / 4 = 62.5

Chi square test -

Phenotype #observed #expected (O-E)^2/E
Yellow entire 64 62.5 0.036
Yellow fringed 86 62.5 8.836
White entire 56 62.5 0.676
White fringed 44 62.5 5.476

Calculated chi square value = 0.036 + 8.836 + 0.676 + 5.476 = 15.024

DOF = 4 - 1 = 3

P value is less than 0.01.

Null hypothesis rejected.

Conclusion - genes do not show indpendent assortment and may follow mendelian inheritance.

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