Question

What is the mitochondrion’s job? How many mitochondrion are in a cell? What molecule does mitochondrion use to make energy? (Marks)

Answer 1

Mitochondrial job is to produce energetic currency in the cell. This energetic currency is made in the form of ATP inside the cell. The ATP is used in various metabolic pathways providing energy for the reactions to occur. The number of mitochondria varies from cell to cell. In a typical unicellular eukaryote 1-10 mitochondria maybe present, whereas in a typical liver cell, approximately 1000-2000 mitochondria are present. The ATP in mitochondria is produced by using the proton gradient created by the electron transport chain and the ADP molecule along with inorganic phosphate combines to form the ATP by using the proton gradient created. This proton gradient is created by using NADH and FADH in the cell. Hence many molecules are involved in the formation of ATP.

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