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1- How is mRNA made from DNA? What enzyme catalyzes this reaction? 2- How does the...

1- How is mRNA made from DNA? What enzyme catalyzes this reaction?
2- How does the enzyme know where to start and stop transcription?
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Answer #1

1).

mRNA is made from DNA template strand during transcription. First the two DNA strands are separated and the tepmplate strand which runs from 3'-5' produces mRNA according to base pair rules as follows.

A=U

G=C

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of mRNA from DNA.

2).

RNA polymerase enzyme recognizes an initiation site (TAC codon in DNA), a promoter sequence (usually containing a "TATA" box) in the DNA. Elongation of the RNA continues until a termination sequence( UAG or UGA or UAA codons) has been transcribed. Then transcription is teminated and the entire RNA polymer is freed from the DNA.

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