In your own words, (20 pts) Compare and contrast tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Describe them as completely as possible (10 pts). In your explanation include and explain the analogy of cancer drivers (brakes and accelerators) (6 pts). Include one example of each (2 pts each).
Tumor supressor genes act against cancer while oncogenes act in favour of cancer progression.
Tumor supressor genes comes under the category of gatekeepers and caretakers while oncogenes are signalling molecules.
Genes for which a gain-of-function mutation drives a cell towards cancer, are called Proto-oncogene. Whereas genes for which loss of function mutation creates the cancer are called tumor supressor genes.
Examples of tumor supressor are p53, BCL2 wherease oncogenes include SIS (synthesis of platelet-derived growth factor) and SRC (synthesis of tyrosine kinase).
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