Question

1. An otherwise normal adult XY-man begins lactating. Explain circumstances that could cause this. What would have to happen in order for this to occur? Particularly consider the endocrine system role, but also the anatomy involved

2. Suggest a single, specific malfunction in the immune system that would affect at least three other systems. For each system, explain how it would be affected and what that system would do to bring the body back to homeostasis. (Note: an infection is not necessarily a malfunction)

Answer 1

Ans 1. Man Lactation does not occur under normal conditions.Certain hormonal changes,chromosomal defects or Galactorrhea can occur in males which is responsible for production of milk without child birth.

• A condition called livercirrhosis can cause lactation by disrupting the organs normal hormone-metabolizing function.
• Health issue that affect pituitary gland or the hypothalamus (endocrine glands) which normally inhibits the release of prolactin can also cause male milk production.
• Low testosterone levels in males and hormonal reaction with the physical stimulus of a suckling infant , male breast could yield milk.