Question

People with asthma who have trouble breathing often take an “inhaler” of a drug called Albuterol. Albuterol has been shown to bind to the same receptor as Epinephrine. Albuterol opens the airways and allows people to get more air into their lungs.

17a. (1pt) Is albuterol an AGONIST or an ANTAGONIST for the Epinephrine receptor? __Agonist__

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17b. (2pts) A side effect of Albuterol is an increase in heart rate. Logically explain WHY Albuterol increases heart rate using your answer to question #13.

18. Propranolol is an antagonist of receptors on the heart. Many actors, singers, and musicians will use this drug to slow their heart rate during a performance so that they don’t feel as nervous.

18a. (1pt) Propanolol is an antagonist drug. Is it an antagonist for the acetylcholine receptor OR an antagonist for the epinephrine receptor? __An antagonist for the epinephrine receptor__

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18b. (2pts) Using this information and the transduction pathway from the earlier question, explain how propanolol works.

Answer 1

Answer-

Agonist- An agonist is the chemical substances which binds to a receptors, and promotes further signalling associated with that receptor.

Antagonist- It is a chemical substance which binds to a receptor, and blocks further signalling.

17a. Answer- Albuterol is an agonist.

17b. Answer- Albuterol is an agonist which binds to beta2 adrenergic receptors of lungs. After binding with this receptors it promotes signalling pathway which brings about dilation of muscles of respiratory airways.

18a. Answer- Propranolol is an antagonist.

18b. Answer- Propranolol is an antagonist which binds with beta1 adrenergic receptors of heart and blocks further signalling, which resulted inhibition of sympathetic stimulation of heart. It brings about competitive inhibition of action of sympathomimetic neurotransmitters and prevents them from binding with beta1 adrenergic receptors.