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What signal is required for a protein to be sent into the endomembrane system for processing?...

What signal is required for a protein to be sent into the endomembrane system for processing?

a) an N-terminal ER sequence

b) the appropriate pattern of protein glycosylation

c) a phosphorylation cascade

d) a sorting receptor binding motif

e) a nuclear localization sequence

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Answer #1

a) option is correct. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), endosome, lysosome and plasma membrane are collectively referred to as endomembrane system. Synthesis of all proteins of endomembrane system starts in cytoplasm and then completed on rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) membrane. All proteins of endomembrane system contain a signal sequence, present at N terminal that appear in early steps of translation. As signal sequence emerge out of the ribosomes, signal recognition particle (SRP) binds to the ribosome. On RER membrane ribosome interact with translocase and then SRP hydrolyse their GTP and dissociate. Now, ribosome restarts translation and growing polypeptide enter in ER lumen. In lumen signal sequence is removed by signal peptidase enzyme and then expose another targetting signal.

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