Question

Which is true regarding bacterial toxins?

A. Hemolysins are a type of superantigen that can over stimulate the immune system.

B. Cholera toxin produces a debilitating respiratory condition of the lungs.

C. Shiga toxin, tetanus toxin, and cholera toxin are all types of endotoxins.

D. Shiga toxin is a type of superantigen that produces a hyperactive response by the immune system.

E. none of the above is true

Answer 1

(a) hemolysins are lipid and protein which causes lysis of erythrocytes and thus disrupt the cell membrane. This is a virulent factor and causes severe pathologies and put human's life on great risk. Thus this statement is false.

(b) cholera toxin is produced by Vibrio cholerae and has deadly effect on small intestine as it causes diarrhoea and excess loss of salts and body fluids. So it has impact on small intestine but not on respiratory condition on lungs.so this is false regarding bacteria endotoxins.

(c) tetanus toxin is a example of exotoxin and shiga toxin and cholera toxins are endotoxins.

(d) hyperactive immune responses are caused by some environmental aĺlergens like pollens. So the given statement is also not true for bacterial endotoxins.

So the correct option is (e) for bacterial endotoxins