Question

Three principles which are the basis for respiration to occur

Answer 1

Respiration is a biochemical process in which organisms exchange gases between their body cells and environment. The main function of respiratory system is to take in oxygen from the environment and eliminate carbon dioxide in the environment. Oxygen is inhaled and enters into the lungs, from where it enters the blood. Carbon dioxide is formed in the cells as a result of metabolism. Oxygenated or oxygen rich blood travels from lungs to heart (left side) which pumps blood to the rest of the body. On reaching cell, oxygen is exchanged with carbon dioxide. Oxygen deficient or carbon dioxide rich blood returns to heart from where it goes to lungs. From lungs carbon dioxide is expelled out. Respiration depends upon three basic principles: Ventilation, diffusion and perfusion.

a) Ventilation: It is the process by which air moves into and out of the lungs.

b) Diffusion: It is a process of spontaneous movement of gases, without the use of any energy, between the gas in the alveoli (cells in lungs) and the blood in capillaries in the lungs.

c) Perfusion: It is the process by which the cardiovascular system pumps blood throughout the lungs.