Question

A negatively charged amino acid is taken up into a human cell. The concentration inside the...

A negatively charged amino acid is taken up into a human cell. The
concentration inside the cytoplasm is higher than outside the cell. What is a likely
mechanism for the transport over the plasma membrane?
a. transport via a channel using the membrane potential as driving force
b. carrier mediated symport with protons
c. carrier mediated symport with sodium ions

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Answer #1

C. Carrier mediated symport with sodium ions.

Many transport systems transport amino acids into cytoplasm of enterocytes. Some of these require Na+ and co-transport amino acids and sodium just like the co-transport of Na+ and glucose. This mechanism is responsible for the concentrative amino acid transport against a concentration/electrochemical gradient. The di- and tripeptides are transported into enterocytes by a system known as PepT1 (or peptide transporter 1) that requires H+ instead of Na+.

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