Question

1.In the chart:

A	B	C	D
+/+	100% functional protein	watery	no disease
+/-	50% functional protein	intermediate	no disease
-/-	0% functional protein	thick	disease

What is in column A?

1. Different genes
2. Different phenotypes
3. Different genotypes
4. Different loci
5. Different proteins

2. let's say SLC2A4 (encoding the insulin-dependent glucose transporter GLUT4) has two alleles: + (which encodes a functional product) and - (which encodes a non-functional product). If GLUT4 expression is necessary to not have diabetes, which of the following can we definitely conclude? (More than one answer may seem correct but only one answer logically follows the information)

1. a +/- genotype will have a mild form of diabetes
2. a -/- genotype will have diabetes
3. a -/- genotype may not have diabetes
4. a +/- genotype will have a 50% probability of diabetes

a +/+ genotype will not have diabetees
3. Remember that beta-cells produce insulin. Most beta cell growth (mitosis and cell division) occurs before age 2 or 3 but there is some growth until about age 40. At age 20, a point mutation in the gene that encodes insulin occurred during mitosis of a beta-cell in Jane. The mutation results in a non-functional insulin molecule. Because of this mutation, which statement is most likley? Jane is at a higher risk for pancreatic cancer Jane will have no adverse physological/health consequence Jane will acquire type II diabetes Jane’s children are at much higher risk Jane will acquire type I diabetes
4. let's say CFTR (encoding the CFTR Cl- channel) has two alleles: + (which encodes a functional product) and - (which encodes a non-functional product). CFTR is a Cl- transporter expressed in many epithelial cells. LDLR is on chromosome 7. A person with the -/- genotype has Cystic Fibrosis but those with either +/- or +/+ genotypes do not. Which of the following is true? a. Cystic Fibrosis is autosomal recessive because a person must have two copies of the "-" allele to express the phenotype b. Cystic Fibrosis is autosomal dominant because the "+" allele is the normal version

c. Cystic Fibrosis is autosomal dominant because the "+" allele is the most common in the population
d. Cystic Fibrosis is autosomal dominant, because a person must have two copies of the "-" allele to express the phenotype

e. Cystic Fibrosis is autosomal recessive because it is the "-" allele that causes the disease

5. let's say HK1 (encoding the enzyme that transfers phosphate from ATP to glucose) has two alleles: + (which encodes a functional product) and - (which encodes a non-functional product). What is the functional product?

a. a transcript

b. a gene

c. a glucose

d. a transporter

e. a protein

Answer 1

Ans-1)c)Different genotypes

Explaination:the pair of allele of a gene represent the genotype of that cell.

Ans-2) +/- genotype will have a 50% probability of diabete

Ans-3)Jane will acquire type IIdiabetes

Point Mutation results in non functional insulin which is enable to glucose conversion into glycogen And type2 diabetes arises in which insulin is produced but non functional.

Ans-4)Cystic Fibrosis is autosomal recessive because a person must have two copies of the "-" allele to express the phenotype.

Explaination:

Recessive diseasese which express when present recessive allele present in 2 copies .

Ans5)

protein

Explaination: DNA undergo transcription to produce mRNA which undergo translation to produce functional product ie protein