Question

1. Express the probability that an MM mother and an MN father will produce an MN offspring as the probability of one outcome and another.
2. Explain why you need both the multiplication and addition rules to calculate the probability that an MN mother and an MN father produce an MN offspring.

Answer 1

MM Mother and MN Father produce an MN offspring ,the probability is 1/2 or 50%,ie they produces offsprings of four types which are MM,MM,MN,MN.The probability is equal as 50-50.

Here the need for product rule is to determine thr outcome of an event with two independent events;the probability of the event is the product of the probabilities of each individual event.It is used to determine the probability of having both dominant traits in the F2 progeny;it is the product of the probabilities of having the dominant trait for each characteristic.

Sum rule determines the outcome of an event with two mutually exclusive events from multiple pathways;the probability of the event is the sum of the probabilities of each individual event.It determines the probability of having one dominant trait in the F2 generation of a dihybrid cross;it is the sum of the probabilities of each individual with the trait.