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what is the bottleneck effect?

what is the bottleneck effect?
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The bottleneck effect happens when the size of a population is dramatically reduced in some random event, like a natural disaster. The surviving members of the population didn't do anything special to survive.

Bottlennect is one of the 2 event or examples of genetic drift, other being Founder effect.

The example of bottleneck effect is the northern california seal. There were hundred thousands of seal in the 1700s and due to human behaviours like killing, the popuplation dropped to about 50. Here the popuplation of the seal is squished to like the bottle neck. Now as human realised the importance of seal the population of the seal began to grow again.

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