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Mutations in certain genes can interfere with DNA replication and DNA repair and lead to tumor...

Mutations in certain genes can interfere with DNA replication and DNA repair and lead to tumor formation (cancer). In 1-2 complete sentences, describe which cell cycle checkpoints are most likely disrupted by these genes and explain why this would lead to cancerous cells?

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Answer #1

G2 checkpoint which occur after the synthesis of DNA is the most important for regulating cell cycle in perspective of the development of cancer. This ensures that the DNA which has been replicated does not contain any misincorporated bases. It also ensures that it has not undergone any frameshift mutation. If this is the case, then the cell is degraded by apoptosis.

If this checkpoint is not able to work properly, because of any mutation in the cyclin dependent kinases and cyclin proteins, then damaged DNA will be passed on to the daughter cell and this will pave the way for the development of cancer.

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